Depression

Definition

Depending on the severity, one can distinguish between mild, moderate and severe depressive episodes. This must be distinguished from “dysthymia”, which is a long-lasting depressive mood (over approx. 2 years). Recurrent depressive episodes are referred to as a recurrent depressive disorder.

symptoms of depression

Depression manifests itself in different ways in different people. A main distinction is made between main and secondary symptoms:

Main symptoms are:

• Depressed, depressed mood
• Loss of interest and happiness
• Lack of drive and fatigability

Additional symptoms include:

• lack of concentration
• decreased self-esteem
• sense of worthlessness
• Pessimistic future prospects
• suicidal thoughts
• self harm
• sleep disturbance
• decreased appetite

Depression is present if at least 2 main symptoms and 2 secondary symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks.

Physical ailments such as B. back pain, muscle tension or sexual dysfunction can indicate depression.

causes of depression

Depression can affect anyone. Even people who live in what appears to be an ideal, balanced environment. It is believed that depression is triggered by an interaction of several factors. Among them are:

• Biology: Changes in brain structure or hormonal balance and dysfunction of neurotransmitters (chemicals produced in the nervous system).
• Genetics: Genetic predisposition increases the risk of developing depression.
• Environmental factors: e.g. B. Individuals who have experienced violence, trauma, or neglect tend to suffer from depression more often.
• Personality Factors: Individuals with low self-esteem or overwhelming stress show higher susceptibility to depression.

Systemic diseases such as hypothyroidism, Parkinson’s disease or diabetes can also lead to depression.

Pregnancy and postpartum depression

Pregnancy depression usually occurs during pregnancy and is known in technical jargon as “peripartum depression”. This must be differentiated from postpartum depression, which usually begins shortly after childbirth.

Affected women usually experience anxiety, sadness, and depression that make everyday activities difficult. This is often facilitated by the physical, emotional, financial, and social transformations that pregnancy brings.

Diagnose

How can a doctor diagnose depression?

In order to diagnose a depressive episode, 2 of the above-mentioned main and secondary symptoms must be present over a period of 2 weeks.

Since depression is often accompanied by other illnesses such as eating disorders, anxiety disorders or unclear physical symptoms, further diagnostic measures should be taken.

The two-item test for depression

The two-question test is a simple self-test that can indicate a depressed mood:

1. Over the past month, have you often felt down, sad, depressed, or hopeless?
2. In the last month, have you had significantly less desire and pleasure in things that you usually enjoy doing?

If the answer is “yes” to both questions, these could be signs of depression.

When do I have to go to the doctor?

If you suspect depression or feel a lack of joy, loss of interest or suicidal thoughts, you should contact a doctor or psychotherapist.

What helps against depression?

There are a number of treatment options for depression that include psychotherapy, drug therapy, sleep deprivation therapy, light therapy, and more.

It is important for those affected to consult an expert (doctor or psychotherapist) who can help to cope with the depression.

Numerous studies have shown that exercise and physical training can lead to an improvement in symptoms. Small activities such as B. A walk in the fresh air, a bike ride or even home-cooked food is enough to achieve small successes.

This is how Med-Healths can help with depression

Med-Healths can help you identify depression and advise you on choosing an appropriate therapy option. In addition, the doctor can give you advice during the video consultation that can alleviate your symptoms.