Darrick Robles Been in the sun too long? Fast action is required now. Here you can find out what you can do yourself if you have sunstroke and how a doctor can help if necessary.
How does sunstroke occur?
Sunstroke occurs when the sun shines too long or too intensely on the head or neck. This causes inflammation in the brain and meninges. This manifests itself in symptoms such as headache or neck pain, nausea and vomiting . Dizziness, ringing in the ears or impaired consciousness can also occur. The symptoms often do not become noticeable immediately, but only a few hours after being in the sun.
All balding individuals are particularly at risk, as are children. You should always wear a hat in the sun.
Is it sunstroke or heat stroke?
The two terms are often used synonymously, but describe different symptoms. Heatstroke results from physical exertion in a hot environment and is far more dangerous than sunstroke. He can e.g. B. also occur when visiting the sauna.
In contrast to sunstroke, the body temperature increases significantly to over 40 °C during heat stroke. Blood pressure is low, but heart rate is high. The skin feels hot and dry. The body can no longer cool itself down. Typical signs of heat stroke are headaches, muscle spasms, hallucinations and impaired consciousness.
Heat stroke is always a medical emergency! This means that an ambulance must be called immediately. First aid should be given before he arrives. The victim’s entire body should be cooled.
How can I prevent sunstroke?
Most importantly, don’t stay in the sun for too long, especially around midday. If you are exposed to direct sunlight for a long time, protect your head with a light-colored hat. Long, light-colored and loose-fitting clothing is also recommended. Incidentally, these measures also help to prevent sunburn and diseases such as sun allergy or Mallorca acne .
You should also drink a lot – on hot days it should be at least half a liter of water, at least. It is best to always take a drinking bottle with you in summer. You should also avoid intense exertion in the heat. So it’s better to read a book on the beach under the shade of a parasol than play beach volleyball in the blazing sun.
What can I do myself if I have sunstroke?
Many people instinctively do the right thing when they get sunstroke. The person affected should go into the shade or inside as soon as possible – a cool, darkened room is best. Bed rest is recommended, with the head and torso slightly elevated, such as on a pillow. Tight clothing should be removed.
Cool, but not ice-cold, non-caffeinated and non-alcoholic beverages can help, as can cold compresses on the head, neck, or torso. However, ice cubes must not be placed directly on the skin, as this can lead to frostbite. If the constitution allows, you can also take a cold shower.
In the case of severe headaches, an over-the-counter pain reliever can be taken if the history of the disease allows it. If in doubt, you should consult a doctor. If the person concerned has sweated profusely, the mineral balance can be balanced with a teaspoon of salt dissolved in water. Alternatively, an electrolyte solution from the pharmacy is suitable.
Sunstroke symptoms usually subside within a few hours with these measures. If the condition worsens despite these measures (see next question) or if the person concerned becomes unconscious, the emergency doctor must be called immediately!
When do I have to go to the doctor with sunstroke?
911 should be called if one or more of the following symptoms occur:
- Loss of consciousness/loss of consciousness
- Seizures or apathetic states
- Severe vomiting or fever
- Faster breathing rate or faster heartbeat
- Deteriorating general condition despite cooling down
What happens at the doctor?
The doctor will first conduct a survey. He will want to know how long you have been in the sun, what symptoms you are experiencing and whether you have any previous illnesses or are taking certain medications.
During the physical examination, temperature, blood pressure and heart rate are measured. These values are usually normal for sunstroke. The skin temperature on the head alone is usually elevated. In addition, the doctor will check the reflexes and neck muscles.
Can Med-Healths help me with sunstroke?
At Med-Healths you can get advice if you have sunstroke. Our doctors can e.g. For example, say which medication is suitable for your symptoms or whether a salt drink makes sense to balance the electrolyte balance. If necessary, you can also receive a sick note. But, as I said: If you have severe symptoms, be sure to dial 112!
